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S4S Sitecore for Salesforce Components
The S4S connector is actually a number of technologies working together to achieve full integration.
S4S
Data Connector (DC)
There is a common need to capture data in a public facing web site which is saved into the Salesforce CRM platform. Examples include lead capture (contact us form), case capture (support form), response to marketing campaigns, event registration and job applications. The DC allows Sitecore CMS developers to build forms that save data to any object in Salesforce. Developers can also pre-populate forms with data from Salesforce where linkage to specific Salesforce objects is known. Salesforce can also be used as an alternative repository for content if organisations prefer some content to be maintained in Salesforce rather than Sitecore.
S4S Security Connector (SC)
The Security Connector facilitates Single Sign On (SSO) to your Sitecore website using credentials from Salesforce (it is part of S4S but an optional install). Salesforce CRM users can flag specific customer accounts and contacts for replication inside the Sitecore CMS as roles and users. The connector is bidirectional so if an authenticated user in Sitecore updates their contact information, that information is replicated back to the Salesforce CRM. If a new user is added in Sitecore under a role which matches an account in the Salesforce CRM, a new related contact will be created in Salesforce.

S4S
DMS Connector (DMSC)
Sitecore's DMS (Digital Marketing System), a powerful analytic engine that surpasses the features offered by more generic products in the marketplace. Being integrated into the Sitecore website means the DMS can produce superior reports - often knowing who and what role the visitor is. Of course, with S4S, this information can be passed to Salesforce so marketers can see what their leads are doing on the web site.
S4S Report Connector (RC)
Salesforce includes powerful tools to create reports but these are only accessible to authenticated users of Salesforce. The RC can be used to display data from Salesforce reports inside a Sitecore CMS intranet or extranet. Report data can be made accessible to everyone, not just users already logged into Salesforce. The data can be displayed in an HTML table or, using a loosely typed DataSet/DataTable, any other rendering determined by the developer.